Platform Architecture
The IndustryOS IoT Platform is a horizontally scalable, fault-tolerant system designed for industrial-scale deployments. Every component is stateless and independently scalable — there is no single point of failure.
Architectural Layers
Device Connectivity Layer
The bottom layer handles all inbound and outbound device communication. Devices connect via industry-standard protocols — MQTT, CoAP, HTTP, LWM2M — and are authenticated using tokens, X.509 certificates, or OAuth credentials.
| Component | Function |
|---|---|
| Transport Services | Protocol-specific listeners (MQTT broker, CoAP server, HTTP endpoint) |
| Device Authentication | Token, X.509, and OAuth 2.0 credential validation |
| Protocol Adapters | Normalise device payloads into a unified internal format |
| Gateway Integration | Aggregate data from field gateways running Modbus, OPC-UA, BACnet, etc. |
Core Processing Layer
The central layer manages all entities, processes telemetry, executes rule chains, and manages alarms.
| Component | Function |
|---|---|
| Entity Service | Manages devices, assets, customers, dashboards, and their relationships |
| Telemetry Service | High-throughput time-series ingestion and retrieval |
| Rule Engine | Drag-and-drop rule chains for data transformation, routing, enrichment, and action triggers |
| Alarm Service | Threshold-based alarm creation, propagation, acknowledgement, and escalation |
| Device Management | Provisioning, OTA updates, remote commands (RPC), bulk operations |
Data Persistence Layer
All telemetry, entities, and audit events are persisted to dedicated storage engines optimised for their access patterns.
| Store | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Time-Series Database | High-write-throughput storage for device telemetry and attributes |
| Relational Database | Entity metadata, relationships, user accounts, permissions |
| Cache Layer | Hot data caching for dashboard rendering and real-time queries |
Application Layer
The top layer serves the web UI, REST API, and WebSocket connections for dashboards and integrations.
| Component | Function |
|---|---|
| Web UI | Dashboard builder, device management console, rule chain editor |
| REST API | Full CRUD on all entities, telemetry queries, alarm management |
| WebSocket API | Real-time telemetry subscriptions for live dashboards |
| Notification Service | Email, SMS, Slack, and webhook delivery for alarms and reports |
Deployment Architecture
IndustryOS supports four deployment modes that can be mixed within a single organisation:
Scalability
| Metric | Single Node | Cluster |
|---|---|---|
| Connected devices | 100,000+ | Millions |
| Messages per second | 10,000+ | 100,000+ |
| Concurrent dashboard sessions | 1,000+ | 10,000+ |
| Data retention | Configurable | Configurable |
Each layer scales independently. Add transport nodes for more device connections, rule engine nodes for more processing throughput, or database replicas for more query capacity.
Design Principles
- Stateless services: Every node is identical. Any node can handle any request. Nodes can be added or removed without downtime.
- Fault tolerance: No single point of failure. Automatic failover across all layers.
- Data durability: All telemetry and events are persisted before acknowledgement. Data is never lost.
- Tenant isolation: Multi-tenant architecture with complete data isolation between organisations.
- API-first: Every operation available through the UI is also available through the REST and WebSocket APIs.